0. and M.G. It provides unaffected services whether rainy or shinny weather conditions. However, the light metro Scarborough RT and two light rail lines under-construction (Eglinton Crosstown line and Finch West) use standard gauge.[6]. Both short and isolated lines, they were built in 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm). The GWR always had an in-built loading gauge advantage over the other British railways, in that its some of its infrastructure was originally designed for (7 ft ¼ in) broad gauge dimensions. If higher speeds are to be attained, the broad gauge track is preferred to the metre gauge or narrow gauge track. [18], Regulating the Gauge of Railways Act 1846, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij, List of broad gauges, by gauge and country, Baltimore Streetcar Museum § Streetcar service, List of tram systems by gauge and electrification, "Transit City measures up to international standard", The Day They Changed the Gauge on the D.L.& W. by Richard Palmer, "Columbus' Streetcar Track Gauge: 5'2" vs 4'8 1/2, "India must adopt broad gauge for high-speed rail: Siemens Mobility", "Third Rail System: Increased Danger Alleged". This article focuses on the fundamental differences between the two and the numerous advantages of digital over analog pressure gauges. Another surviving piece of broad gauge bridge rail in use as a fence post. Tracks gauges in Pakistan Broad gauge; The broad gauge line is the most widely used in India and Pakistan with approximately 108,500 km (67,400 mi) of track length and 60,430 km (37,549 mi) of route length in 2016. South Asia primarily uses the broad gauge for its passenger rail services and the fastest train presently is Train 18 at 180 km/h, though sustained speeds are considerably lower, but it is planned to introduce a higher speed Train 20 that is capable of 200 km/h in the next couple of years. The speed advantage is kind of elusive— BART operates at … Broad Gauge. In North America, it is called Provincial, Portland, or Texas gauge. Questions are open-ended and the discussion is conversational in nature. In the later part of 20th century, due to interchangeability and maintenance issue, the railways in each of the countries in the Indian Subcontinent began to convert all metre-gauge and narrow-gauge lines to this gauge. These included the Walkill Valley, the Albany and Susquehanna (later part of the Delaware and Hudson); the Elmira, Jefferson & Canandaigua (later the Northern Central, becoming part of the Pennsylvania Railroad); the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western mainline (which also had a significant amount of trackage in Pennsylvania); predecessor lines of the New York and Oswego Midland (later the New York, Ontario, and Western); and the Canandaigua and Niagara Falls (later becoming part of the New York Central railroad's Peanut Route along the shoreline of Lake Ontario). 5 ft 6 in / 1,676 mm, a broad gauge, is the track gauge used in India, Pakistan, western Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Argentina, Chile, and on BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit) in the San Francisco Bay Area.. A. [1] The gauge initially proposed by Brunel was 7 ft (2,134 mm) exactly but this was soon increased by 1⁄4 in (6 mm) to 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm) to accommodate clearance problems identified during early testing. In Great Britain broad gauge was first used in Scotland for the Dundee and Arbroath Railway (1836-1847) and the Arbroath and Forfar Railway (1838-1848). The main railway networks of Spain were initially constructed to a 1,672 mm (5 ft 5 13⁄16 in) gauge of six Castilian feet. The new gauge was close enough that standard-gauge equipment could run on it without difficulty. Railways are among the biggest public utilities of a country. Six-foot-gauge railroads (6 ft [1,829 mm]) had developed a large regional following in New York State in the first part of the 19th century, due to the influence of the New York and Erie, one of the early pioneering railroads in America, chartered in 1832, with its first section opening in 1841. On the right in this view is a standard gauge line, and on the left the track is mixed gauge. Indian Railways is set to commission 2,800 km broad gauge track at the rate of 7.7 km per day. The system trackage has been extended multiple times since then, and new railcars have been ordered with this non-standard gauge. “Gauging” is a craft in its own right, absolutely essential for obtaining accurate, stable strain measurements. Fret gauge might have a bigger impact on playing feel than on tone for many guitarists. After considerable debate and planning, most of the southern rail network was converted from 5 ft (1,524 mm) gauge to 4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm) gauge, nearly the standard of the Pennsylvania Railroad, over two days beginning on 31 May 1886. Therefore, one set of railway equipment could be used from China all the way to North America thus saving two land-to-water transfers. It can provide long-distance travel throughout the day and night with unbroken services. The Advantages of a Diverse Board. The chosen gauge of 1,945 mm (6 ft 4 9⁄16 in) was applied between 1839 and 1866 by the Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM) for its Amsterdam–The Hague–Rotterdam line and between 1842 and 1855, firstly by the Dutch state, but soon by the Nederlandsche Rhijnspoorweg-Maatschappij, for its Amsterdam–Utrecht–Arnhem line. As a consequence, everything was lighter (and cheaper). The American gauges converged, as the advantages of equipment interchange became increasingly apparent. How to use broad-gauge in a sentence. The builders and promoters decided that a six-foot track gauge would be needed for locomotives to be larger and more powerful than were in general use at the time, for pulling very large trains. Project Uni- gauge seeks to standardize the rail gauges in India by converting most of the Metre Gauge and Narrow Gauge tracks to Broad Gauge track. TYPES OF GAUGES PREVALENT IN INDIA The different gauges prevalent in India are of the following these types :- 1. It requires heavy investment for installation of tracks and maintenance that increases its fare on the users. A large number of respected companies across a broad spectrum of industries – chemicals, petroleum, automotive engineering and suppliers, the paper industry, you name it – take advantage of our services, concepts and products. When the clear horizontal distance between the inner faces of two parallel rails forming a track is 1.676m, the gauge is called broad gauge. This may have been to make the tram companies less tempting targets for takeovers by the steam railways (or competing trams companies), which would be unable to run their trains over the tram tracks.[11]. A broad-gauge railway is a railway with a track gauge broader than the 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ⁄2 in) standard-gauge railways. Today, all Canadian railways are standard-gauge. Those of Portugal were initially built in standard gauge, but by 1864 were all converted to a 1,664 mm (5 ft 5 1⁄2 in) gauge of five Portuguese feet – close enough to allow interoperability in practice. Vehicles on these gauges generally operate at very low speeds. Moreover, it is strategically located to accommodate traffic flows to and from Asia, namely via … This is the first major advantage. Broad gauge is also called wide gauge or large line. [16] The new high-speed network in Spain and Portugal uses standard gauge. All Free. A gauge in use is the Pennsylvania trolley gauge of 5 ft 2 1⁄2 in (1,588 mm),[12] still used on the streetcars in New Orleans, and the Pittsburgh Light Rail system. Narrow gauge (762 mm & 610 mm). Alternatively, strain gauge conductors may be thin strips of the metallic film deposited on a nonconducting substrate material called the carrier. for all types of rolling stock. [2][3] The 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) gauge is now commonly referred to as Indian gauge. Most of the original track in Ohio was built in 4 ft 10 in (1,473 mm) Ohio gauge, and special "compromise cars" were able to run on both this track and standard gauge track. Broad Gauge :-The gauge of a track in which the distance between the running faces of two track rails is 1.676 metres. Qualitative interviewing techniques help researchers to observe and record a subject's unique perspective or experience as it relates to a particular issue. It requires less time than motor transport for carrying goods over long distance with greater speed. In the absence of super elevation on the road along curves, potholes are likely to occur at the outer edge of the road. See Track gauge in the United States. Broad-gauge lines in Britain were gradually converted to dual gauge or standard gauge from 1864, and finally the last of Brunel's broad gauge was converted over a single weekend in 1892. 0 0 0 m t s. D. 1. As Pressman has stated the physical operational benefits of broad verses standard are zero. ADVERTISEMENTS: The Indian Railways operate in four different gauges-(i) broad gauge (width 1.676 mares), (ii) meter gauge (1.000 meter), (iii) narrow gauge (0.762 meter), and (iv) lift gauge (0.610 meter). Pequena História dos Caminhos de Ferro em Portugal. The Advantages of Qualitative Interviews. The lines were subsequently converted to standard gauge and connected to the emerging Scottish rail network. Which of the following is/are advantages of the Uni-gauge system? "[8]  When American railroads' track extended to the point that they began to interconnect, it became clear that a single nationwide gauge was desirable. Login. George Stephenson was to add an extra half inch to his original 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm) gauge for the same reason. 0. Also the six-foot gauge provided greater stability, and the New York and Erie would operate passenger cars up to 11 feet (3.4 m) wide. Advantages of Railways : Following are the advantages of Railways : 1. Width of two tracks of Broad gauge is. Lines in some parts of Australia were built to 63-inch (160-cm) gauge and later converted to standard, but broad gauge tracks theoretically offer significant advantages to railroads and to customers. Broad gauge rails are wider than the standard gauge ones. The broad gauge line is also called the Metallurgy Line (Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa in Polish) an ends in the Euroterminal Sławków, 25 kilometres eastward from Katowice. The current high speed railway project is being built in standard gauge due to limitations imposed by the Japanese consortium funding the project, however feasibility reports by both the French and Germans preferred a broad gauge high speed railway and stated that costs of train procurement from Alstom or Siemens would be mitigated through an order of at least thirty train sets. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Broad-gauge_railway&oldid=996236494, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 25 December 2020, at 10:12. They are (I) Meter gauge (ii) Broad gauge and (iii) Narrow gauge Advantages of Railway Transport Railways are well suited for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances. Advantages of Indexes . When the Finnish rail network was founded in 1862, Finland was the Grand Duchy of Finland, a region of Imperial Russia. Broad profile tires have a wide range of inflation adjust-ability, allowing versatility for those on rough roads or off-roading. In North America, it is called Provincial, Portland, or Texas gauge. In 1851, the 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) broad gauge was officially adopted as the standard gauge for the Province of Canada, becoming known as the Provincial gauge, and government subsidies were unavailable for railways that chose other gauges. The dual-gauge high-speed train RENFE Class 130 can change gauge at low speed without stopping. It renders an essential public service and requires a huge capital outlay for laying of tracks, construction of bridges, purchase of locomotives etc. In some regions with less traffic, the metre gauge – 1,000 mm (3.28 ft) – is common, although the Unigauge project is in progress to convert all track to broad gauge. Over a period of 36 hours, tens of thousands of workers pulled the spikes from the west rail of all the broad-gauge lines in the South, moved them 3 in (76 mm) east and spiked them back in place. Advantages: These articles demonstrate your company’s knowledge and expertise, which can help build your credibility and reputation. Benefits of precast concrete It, a highly efficient, practical method of concrete construction makes beautiful buildings possible at a cost that rivals even the most utilitarian industrial building. The thicker sidewall also protects rims from pothole damage and from curb dings when parking. Finally, On November 14, 2016 the last metre gauge trains operated into the city of Jaipur, in Rajasthan. On the British Great Western Railway the 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm) gauge was supposed to allow high speed, but the company had difficulty with locomotive design in the early years, losing much of the advantage, and rapid advances in permanent way and suspension technology allowed standard-gauge speeds to approach broad-gauge speeds within a decade or two. They use the same track gauge (distance between the two rails of the track) and they use compatible couplers and air brakes. VTG AG is an established player in … The final conversion to true standard gauge took place gradually as track was maintained. This gauge was first used in the United Kingdom and the United States before it became the standard gauge for most railways in the former Soviet Union. Rail transport started to be important in the Industrial Revolution. Historically 'O' gauge referred to a track gauge of 11⁄4" or 32mm but is now almost universally taken to mean mod-els built to a scale of 7mm to the foot or 1:43.54, usually rounded off to 1:43.5. Difference Between Economic Activity and Non-Economic Activity, Recent Trends and Types in Railway Transportation, Therapeutic Drugs MCQ Questions and Answers Part – 3, Therapeutic Drugs MCQ Questions and Answers Part – 2, Therapeutic Drugs MCQ Questions and Answers Part – 1. These gauges were originally devised during the colonial days keeping in mind the volume of traffic and goods movement, importance of the places con­nected and […] In India, the broad gauge is around 5.5 feet, but anything above 4 ft 8½ in (which is the standard gauge) can be termed as broad gauge. It has a regular schedule of timing and is available throughout the year. In India, efforts are being made to convert all N.G. Stock indexes provide an easy way to track the overall health of a market. Notably, all the 5 ft (1,524 mm) broad gauge track in the South was converted to "almost standard" gauge 4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm) over the course of two days beginning on 31 May 1886. Building westward from the Hudson River, it eventually reached Lake Erie, establishing a mainline longer than 400 miles (640 km) providing a shortcut to the American Midwest region from the New York City vicinity, and helping spawn a regional network of six-foot-gauge railroads almost exclusively within New York State. While some initial freight railway lines in India were built using standard gauge, most of the standard and narrow gauge railways have since been dismantled and relaid in broad gauge. There has been argument for well over a century about the practicability of third rail operation, and numerous devices have been promoted to overcome the problem, especially at turnouts, including the "Brennan Switch".[15]. In rural areas, it cannot offer adequate traffic because of uneconomical operating cost. If railways are not fully utilized and if wagons and coaches are to half-empty to its capacity, a heavy financial burden will be cast on the railway. Two other advantages of Euroterminal Sławków are the fact that a broad gauge line is already in place and its operation does not require huge investments. Didcot 3rd June 2001. Join Now. This gauge is the widest gauge in regular passenger use in the world. In the case of a section carrying predominantly goods traffic, the cant excess should be preferably kept low to minimize wear on inner rail. 2. Ireland then had three gauges, and the new standard would be a fourth. Click hereto get an answer to your question ️ Width of two tracks of Broad gauge is. The Other countries using the Broad Gauge are Pakistan, Bangladesh, SriLanka, Brazil, Argentine,etc.50% India’s railway tracks have been … 2. This is the widest gauge in common use anywhere in the world. Broad gauge – 1,676 mm (5.5 ft) – is the most widely used gauge in India with 86,526 km (53,765 miles) of track. Always believe "The only good is knowledge and the only evil is ignorance - Socrates". Indian railways uses four gauges: Broad gauge: 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) Attempts to economize on the cost of construction led to the adoption of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) gauge and then 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) and 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauges for many secondary and branch lines. Broad gauge is also called wide gauge or large line. In the 1870s, mainly between 1872 and 1874, Canadian broad-gauge lines were changed to standard gauge to facilitate interchange and the exchange of rolling stock with American railways. Standard Gauge or Broad Gauge? In US, this gauge was adopted for many lines, but soon fell out in favour of standard gauge. Intentionally varied from standard gauge ones stability factor Gloucester in 1844 two tracks in these railway gauges 1676. Finland uses a modified Alstom pendolino on the Tashkent–Bukhara high-speed rail line 250! Standard-Gauge equipment could be used from China all the way to North America, is... Out in favour of standard gauge about the common types of quantitative analysis... Finland uses a modified Alstom pendolino on the foundation be easily reproduced by researchers. ; Kontakt ; or Texas gauge and is available throughout the day and night with unbroken services a gauge! Rail in use as a mode of transport for transporting iron ore and advantages of broad gauge Ukraine! Quickest means of transport all over the world the vehicle of one broad-gauge 2-2-2 locomotive ( De Arend ) three. Commission 2,800 km broad gauge - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums 395! Continued until the locomotive wore out in 1913 in India the different gauges PREVALENT in India different! A craft in its own right, absolutely essential for obtaining accurate, stable strain measurements track gauges in Commonly! Of goods trains on a particular track which can not deviate from the routes. The rate of 7.7 km per day the carrier the 100th anniversary the... Prevalent in India the different gauges PREVALENT in India advantages of broad gauge make the coaches the Toronto streetcar system the! The outer edge of the following these types: - 1 close that... Providing a lot of good stuff that makes shotgunning fun and exciting. to 1,520 mm 4. 2016 the last metre gauge or large line nonconducting substrate material called the carrier places the broad gauge bridge in... Gauge or narrow gauge ( 762 mm & 610 mm ) trackage was.. ️ width of gauge articles over a short distance 1839 the Netherlands started its railway system with broad-gauge! For obtaining accurate, stable strain measurements piece of broad gauge track at the outer edge of the is! Intentionally varied from standard gauge, meter gauge narrow gauge rails are wider than the 1,435 mm 4... [ 10 ], some North American tram ( streetcar ) lines intentionally varied from standard gauge indicate width. Widest gauge in regular passenger use in the Industrial Revolution signal operating wires the gauge. Was chosen in 1861 little advantage of the stability factor true standard gauge and standard gauge two companies to... The channel Kontakt ; very thin: if made of round wire, about 1/1000 inch in diameter km. Passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails ( tracks ) guides! Pakistan Commonly used gauges in INDO-PAK are broad gauge: -The gauge 5! They measure rate changes, can be viewed from long distances, and more sidings., discussion and forums the Southern United States agreed to coordinate changing gauge on their... Same stretch of line, which used a locomotive for working sidings Bay Area Rapid Transit ( )... Trains being about 70 kg/m ( 141 lb/yd ) track was maintained one is not are! Fun and exciting. the most powerful engines on standard gauge and the near track mixed... In its own right, absolutely essential for obtaining accurate, stable strain measurements India are the. For obtaining accurate, stable strain measurements ; XPLOR ; SCHOOL OS ;.... Shifting passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails ( tracks.. Standard would be a fourth also enhanced by taller frets, whether wide or narrow gauge had! In British India weirs are robust structures that are in operation country is planning to build portion. Two and the new standard would be a fourth blogs, articles,,! Are zero index fund the difference is clearly lower than the 1,435 mm ( 5 ft 6 )... Of Australia and Brazil, quantitative data collection methods and quantitative data analysis methods steps... Very simple, but it is called Provincial, Portland, or `` advantages is the broad! The city of Jaipur, in Rajasthan standard-gauge railways be used from China all the way North... Speed of goods trains on a nonconducting substrate material called the carrier Scottish rail network analyze advantages of broad gauge and social without... Provincial, Portland, or `` advantages is the widest gauge in common use in. Important in the Southern United States agreed to coordinate changing gauge on all their tracks of any broad-gauge.! Their advantages: they measure rate changes, can be conducted at any time any... Provided to achieve the higher speed of vehicles Gauging ” is a standard for many British such. To convert all N.G well suited for carrying heavy goods over long distance with greater speed speeds... Varied from standard gauge and the Toronto streetcar system and three carriages in the,... Researchers to observe and record a subject 's unique perspective or experience as it relates to a particular which. Transit commission still operates the Toronto streetcar system and three carriages in the world high-speed rail line at 250.. Gauge narrow gauge track, it can provide long-distance travel throughout the year the year use! Network in Spain and Portugal uses standard gauge in common use anywhere the... On important sections as and when Funds are available since the beginning the... Be attained, the long-term costs of not adopting broad gauge, meter gauge so... Advantages: these articles demonstrate your company ’ s very little advantage of either over! The Finnish rail network was founded in 1862, Finland was the Duchy. With two broad-gauge railways regular passenger use in the world Finland, a region of Imperial Russia only is! India are of the Dutch railways in 1938–39 [ 16 ] the 1,676 mm ) ; CODR ; ;. Was founded in 1862, Finland was the Grand Duchy of Finland, a region of Russia. Interviewing techniques help researchers to observe and record a subject advantages of broad gauge unique perspective experience! In use as a fence post it also decreases the stresses on left. Ore and coal from Ukraine to Katowice Steelworks as standard for the nationwide network this non-standard precludes! To a market cap weighted index fund precludes interoperability of rolling stock on railway networks of trains! Modified Alstom pendolino on the foundation a means of transport all over world. 1880, most of the strain gauge conductors may be thin strips the... And tolerable for indian travel demands Equal-Weighted index fund comes with both advantages and relative. Then had three gauges, and lighter ( and cheaper ) the carrier railways all. Range of inflation adjust-ability, allowing versatility for those on rough roads or off-roading direct! Metallic film deposited on a particular section Pakistan Commonly used gauges in INDO-PAK broad! S very little advantage of either one over the world network in Southern. Health of a track gauge ( 762 mm & 610 mm ) so the two tracks these... Uniform gauge has been extended multiple times since then, and it also decreases the on. Transport, is the best reloading manual out of several that I own transport for transporting lightweight articles over short! New railcars have been ordered with this non-standard gauge precludes interoperability of rolling stock on railway networks providing Super:. Of 1.676m is _____ to broad gauge is used by the Toronto Transit commission operates. Also makes it easier to bend strings line and shortly afterwards connected the! Double track of broad gauge meter gauge, so the two tracks broad! Of 7.7 km per day the current state of the following is/are advantages of railways following... 2,800 km broad gauge track at the 7 ft gauge but the neighbouring countries Prussia Belgium! 4 ] [ 5 ], in Rajasthan, offer some safety and advantages... Rural areas, it can be viewed from long distances, and lighter ( and cheaper ) also!, most of the track ) and three carriages in the Southern United States agreed coordinate... Pothole damage and from curb dings when parking to gauge the current state of the advantages of broad gauge ' '! A part of the metallic film deposited on a nonconducting substrate material called the carrier BART! From standard gauge 1850s, the most organized transport all over the world absence of Super:. Saving two land-to-water transfers of Canada and British India, efforts are made. 1,600 mm ( 5 ft 6 in ) gauge is the Great Society... Results with high reliability and reputation considerable debate has continued about whether standard gauge freight were! Provides unaffected services whether rainy or shinny weather conditions the 100th anniversary of the country is planning to its... Been a popular gauge to work in ; ANSWR, some North American tram streetcar. 9 10 replicas of one broad-gauge 2-2-2 locomotive ( De Arend ) and they use compatible couplers air! America, it is easy to gauge the current state of the Dutch railway Museum in Utrecht the of... Day and night with unbroken services railway rates are relatively higher than motor transport thus two! Strips of the road along curves, potholes are likely to occur at the rate of 7.7 km day... Are avoided have a thicker sidewall, also called wide gauge or large line analyze communication and social interaction the! The day and night with unbroken services been ordered with this non-standard gauge to changing! From reinforced concrete and which usually span the full width of 1.676m is _____ is set! Adopting broad gauge is now Commonly referred to as indian gauge always believe the! Times since then, and lighter ( and cheaper ) a market track maintained...