In the novel The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini purposely utilizes setting to play a pivotal role in the portrayal of an important focus when narrating a post 9/11 Afghan and American novel. Difference Between Pashtun And Hazara. Change). A Hazara is one of two Ethnic groups in Afghanistan. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund have already stopped payments to Kabul, while the US has frozen the countrys assets held on US territory. Highlighting the power relations between the Hazaras and the Pashtuns who benefited from the extension of state authority into Hazara areas, Canfield (1972, p.6) described the process as the 'effective subjugation of one ethnic group by another, and of one religious sect by another - a situation, which I suggest, progressively appears more . In The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini shows that an individual's social status affects their future through the way Hazaras are treated in Afghanistan. Unfortunately, these problems are still active in most of Afghanistan. Over the following decades, Hazarascontinuedto face repression, discrimination and socio-economic marginalisation. Hazarasbelong to Shia, Sunni, and Ismaili sects of Islam. Hazaras and Pushtons are two different ethnic groups of Afghanistan. Until the 1970s, a large percentage of the Hazara populationcould notaccess higher education, enrol in the army or secure higher-level government jobs. cousins seem to be less common among the Hazaras than marriages between cross-cousins.12 In Pashto, tarbor means both "paternal cousin" and "rival."913 This word is known and used by Hazaras from Jaghori and Qarabagh. Although Afghanistan is no longer under Taliban rule, growing insecurity has unsettled many. With so many varieties available, it can be hard to decide which one is best for your climate and taste preferences. The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini is a commentary on the social conditions in Afghanistan as shown through the roles of women and men in society and the ideals of Afghan culture. Moreover, racial discrimination in The Kite Runner causes some bad impacts to psychological health as well as to society. Later in the book, Hassan and his wife are staying at Babas old house. In some cases, the Hazaras even militarily supported the Taliban, but they faced Taliban attacks after they backtracked from such agreements, he said. id="publication-detail-page" This discrimination affects every age group in Afghanistan, and affects each of those individuals, mental and physical health (Pascoe). Turks and Pashtun Afghans do not belong to same ethnic group. The main character of the book is Amir, who is also the narrator of the story. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Hasan also is not educated like Amir, and neither Amir nor Hassan question that. Hazara people are minorities in Afghanistan, as they are Persian speaking, and they usually live in the center of the country. similarities between pashtuns and hazaras. The Hazaras are also seen as the weakest and poorest race in Afghanistan, so that they are easily subjected to be killed, insulted, and tortured by Pashtuns. The fighting is tinged by ethnic tensions as many Taliban leaders and cadres are ethnic Pashtuns. After 2001, the Hazaras also continued to suffertargeted violenceat the hands of the Taliban and other armed groups. Some beliefs include the evil eye, ghosts, and several other superstitions about animals and nighttime. Additionally, Hassan would have never been raped by Assef, because Assef would have never had the idea to be racist towards Hassan. Omissions? For nearly 18 years, Afghanistans hard-line Islamist Taliban movement largely refrained from attacking the countrys predominately Shiite Hazara minority. There are 14 nationally recognized ethnic groups in Afghanistan, including Tajiks, Pashtuns, Hazaras, Uzbeks and others who make up less than 2% each. "They [IS] were attempting to pave the way for an ethnic war between Afghan ethnic groups, which prompted the Taliban to intervene.". They bear Asian features and thus are easy to identify among other Afghanistan people. Hazaras speak a dialect of Dari (Farsi dialect) called Hazaragi and the vast majority follow the Shia sect (Twelver Imami) of Islam. To begin with, Afghan may refer to various ethnicity of people like Pashtuns, Uzbeks, Turkmens, Kyrghyz, etc. Their official languages Pashto and Dari belong to Indo-Iranian (Indo-European) family. Even in America, Amir tries to bury his past, but he is always reminded of it. Key Difference: Hazaras are members of an Afghan ethnic minority group, whereas the Pashtuns are a united group of tribes composing the largest ethnic group of Afghanistan. One of the most brutal events took place in the city of Mazar-i-Sharif in 1998, when thousands of Hazaras were systematically executed, according to a Human Rights Watch report . Google searches can provide inform. To make matters confusing, though, Pashtuns are Sunni Muslims and Hazaras are Shi'a Muslims. Afghanistan is a multiethnic society consisting of a wide variety of ethno linguistic groups. They dirty our blood. The inclusive language at the beginning of the quote is aimed at the Pashtuns whereas the negative connotations of pollute and dirty emphasise the subservient position of the Hazaras in the Afghani society and thus losing their sense of placement within society. Hazaras are an ultimately low class in Afghanistan with very minimal rights. Storytelling is a traditional Hazara habit. In October, the bombing of a Hazara mosque in Kunduz resulted in the death of more than100 people. In March, Hazaras held a protest in Kabul against the governments decision to move a proposed power line project out of Bamiyan, arguing that the decision was yet another form of ethnic discrimination. Before the Taliban took over Kabul, Assef tormented Hassan and Amir because Hassan was a Hazara and Amir Associated himself with Hassan. By creating tense situations that originate, whether consciously or subconsciously within the characters, the author uses these conflicts to illustrate the impacts that stem from the masculine stereotypes associated with Afghan culture, the dire need for a fathers approval, and the ongoing effects of a childs jealousy. While the Hazaras are primarily Shia Muslims, most Afghans follow the Sunni branch of Islam. The reason the Hazara people were and are dispised is because they are known as the lower class people since they had no access to education, they couldn't succeed, and they continued to be poor and despised. The Pashtuns have been dominant in Afghanistan and believe that they should be the only ones to reside in Afghanistan, which creates an influx of hatred between the two religions. Pashtuns (also spelled as Pushtun, Pakhtun, Pashtoon, Pathan) form Afghanistans largest ethnic group. If we look at Pashtun Afghans, they are more related to Persian people than Turks. A history of atrocities against the Hazaras As one of the largest ethnic groups in Afghanistan, the Hazara people have endured various forms of oppression from Pashtun rulers and governments,. And its fighters made good on such threats. Khaled Hosseini's novel entitled The Kite Runner is an American bestseller novel that represents racial conflict between the Pashtuns and Hazaras, two different races and ethnics in Afghanistan. From his childhood in Kabul ,Afghanistan, to living in America, there has been an invisible border restricting two parties from establishing into one. This is an important theme throughout the novel as it will drastically affect the relation between Amir and Hassan because one is a Pashtun and one is . Answer (1 of 6): Similar, to an extent Persian and Pashto are two languages that are similar to each other in a number of ways, however, the plurality of the word I used (languages) shows that they are not mutually intelligible. The risk of ethnic cleansing and evengenocidethat they face should be a matter of international concern and international human rights bodies need to take action. This is why the Taliban first attacked Shujae and then extended their fighting into Malistan and Jaghori districts in [neighboring Ghazni Province], he said. The most common clothing is called perahan-u-tunban, which is similar to pajamas. However, due to genetic and linguistic a To commemorate this special occasion, KarenO, a registered nurse with 35 years of experience, has started The Nightingale Project. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. Together we can be strong, free and happy. The emphasis placed upon the discrimination of Hazaras by the Pashtuns not only informs the readers of the socio-economic relations in Afghanistan but also addresses a parallelism of harm towards Afghanis from Americans. The novels plot centres around interactions between Amir and his friend Hassan along with the struggles they face in their lives. Growing up in war torn Afghanistan during the invasion of the Soviets and the awakening rise of the Taliban destined the people of Afghanistan to never truly understand normalcy. In late September and early October, reports in Western media emerged of mass evictions of Hazara people from their ancestral homes and lands in Daykundi province. Updates? The Hazaras are said to be descendants of Genghis Khan, the founder of the Mongol empire, and the Mongol soldiers who swept through the region in the 13th century. They generally reside in Southeastern Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. class="publication-detail-container cs-orange" ; Historian Abdul Hai Habibi considers the word "Hazara" (hzr ) to be very old, and it is derived . Since the Pashtuns are in control, the Hazaras don't get much space in the official history of . This has resulted in their systemic lack of political power and influence in a Sunni Muslim . Another bombing of a Hazara mosque in Kandahar killed at least 47 people and wounded scores of others. The etymology of the word "Hazara" remains disputed, but some have differing opinions on the term. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. Key Difference: Hazaras are members of an Afghan ethnic minority group, whereas the Pashtuns are a united group of tribes composing the largest ethnic group of Afghanistan. Each identity played a unique part in Amirs life. Hazaras afterwards Pushtons are two another national groups of Afghanistan. Amirs experiences from the contextual Afghan traditional culture and relationships define his mistakes from the past as they recite you must, The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini is set mostly in Afghanistan both before the Taliban takes control and after they take control. Though, one can easily identify their ethnic group by their looks and appearance they possess. It is estimated that Hazarajat lost some 60 percent of its population to ethnic cleansing, which has led some scholars to term the carnage a genocide. Human Rights Watch estimated that at least 2,000 people of different ethnic communities, including Hazaras, were killed and according to estimates by Hazara groups, the death toll may be as high as15,000. In the novel The Kite Runner, the protagonist, Amir, is a young boy growing up in a well off family in Kabul, Afghanistan. Hazaras are genetically different than Pashtuns & Tajiks and generally have Mongolic looks which is closer to Turkmen & Uzbeks. That is why people, like Assef, thought that they could treat . As a result of this discrimination, the violence experienced in Kabul, shape the rest of Amirs. Women wear baggy black or coloured trousers, a long shirt and a length to cotton to cover the head. The overwhelming majority ofPashtunsfollowSunniIslam. The authors deliberate incorporation of Afghan and American settings over a 3-decade time frame successfully illustrates the differences and similarities between Eastern culture and Western culture, as well as highlighting the harm each culture cultivates. (LogOut/ A Taliban report at the time said the IS militants were killed because they were attempting to foment an ethnic war by targeting Hazaras.